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CIA Declassified: Resistance of Thailand, Burma, and Malaya to Communist Pressures in the Event of an Early Communist Victory in Indochina

  SECRET Problem To assess the will and ability of Thailand, Burma, and Malaya to resist Communist political and military pressures in the eventnnof an early Communist victory in Indochina. SCOPE This paper will examine political, psychological, and military conditions in Thailand, Burma, and Malays in order to determine (a) to what extent these countries would be willing and able to resist political and indirect military pressures that would result from the establishment of Communist control in Indochina; (b) their capabilities for repelling actual military attack; (c) the possibilities for concerted action among them; and (d) the effect on these countries of large-scale employment of Chinese Communist armed forces in Southeast Asia, (Refer to Terms of Reference for NIE 20 issued by the Central Intelligence Agency 17 January 1951; only sections allocated to State/OIR are treated below.) QUESTIONS BEARING ON THE PROBLEM I. WHAT WOULD BE THE EFFECT IN THAILAND OF A COMMUNIST VICTORY...

CIA Declassified: Geographic Intelligence Memorandum on Malaysia, March 1962

  MEMORANDUM FOR: XXXXXXX SUBJECT: Geographic Intelligence Memorandum on "Malaysia" -- CIA/RR GM 62-2 REFERENCE: xxxxxxx dated 25 April 1962, same subject 1. Your comments on subject report, which was produced on short notice at ONE's request, have been noted. The following paragraphs refer to the several points of content questioned. 2. UK rights in Singapore . We agree that the GM 62-2 statement, "... the United Kingdom... will retain the right to use the Singapore military base." should be regarded as subject to Federation leaders' permissiveness and local popular attitudes. These limitations, however, apply to the British situation presently -- the British could not, for instance, use Singapore against the Indonesians in New Guinea. Similarly, we felt that the residual sovereignty possessed by the host country is a limitation on freedom of action that is generally appreciated. The report announced by Prime Minister Rahman xxxxxxx 3. Malaysia Solidarity C...

CIA Declassified: Geographic Intelligence Memorandum - Malaysia

  Introduction The federation of Malaysia* was formally inaugurated on 16 September 1963. Comprised of Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak, and Sabah (North Borneo), it has a total land area of about 129,000 square miles (slightly larger than the state of New Mexico) and a total population of more than The area and population of the individual components are as follows: Malaya and Singapore are the more advanced components of Malaysia. Malaya, with a relatively cosmopolitan elite of wealthy Chinese, Indian, and Malay businessmen, has the highest per capita income in Southeast Asia; it is the world's leading producer of natural rubber and tin. Singapore, whose population is 75 percent Chinese, is the major entrepôt port in Southeast Asia. Sarawak and Sabah, on the other hand, are characterized by their relatively underdeveloped economies and their very diversified populations, large segments of which are primitive tribal peoples. In all the components the population is characterized by its r...